The effectiveness of instructional software in reading comprehension skills and reading aloud of Omani fourth basic schools’ students

Technology, Innovation and Education

Table 2 Summary of multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) comparing the experimental and control groups pre-test in reading comprehension

Source	Read. Comp. Items	SS	MS	F _{(1, 103)}	p
Group	Understand content	0.029	0.029	0.409	0.524
	Realize the temporal and locative arrangement	0.057	0.057	0.722	0.397
	Distinguish between compact and pronounced article ‘lam’	0.142	0.142	1.181	0.280
	Recognize end of words extension ‘med’ and formation ‘tanween’	0.751	0.751	10.250	0.002
	Differentiate between folded and normal letter ‘Taa’	0.042	0.042	0.361	0.549
	Reading comprehension	0.155	0.155	5.747	0.018
Error	Understand content	7.512	0.072
	Realize the temporal and locative arrangement	8.309	0.079
	Distinguish between compact and pronounced article ‘lam’	12.594	0.120
	Recognize end of words extension ‘med’ and formation ‘tanween’	7.692	0.073
	Differentiate between folded and normal letter ‘Taa’	12.185	0.116
	Reading comprehension	2.831	0.027